- ETC History 1979-81
1979–80 equipment at the Center included a Z-2 8-bit computer with an S-100 bus, dual floppy drives and a CAT digital frame buffer; a Z-80 was also interfaced to an analog box and software development for video uses began. Artists in residence during 1979–81 included Alan Powell, Connie Coleman, Charles Atlas, Victor Velt, Jud Yalkut, Ren Weidenaar, Dan Reeves, Jon Hilton, Celia Shapiro and Peter D'Agostino; The Electronic Workshop series was presented to 17 organizations around New York State and the Center moved to Owego; in 1980–81 David Jones developed the Print Program for disk-captured videographic still frames with variable gray-level printing and additional software was produced by graduate interns under Paul Davis and Ralph Hocking.
- G.R.I.D. - Works Bibliography
Ralph Hocking outlines his move from pottery and sculpture to photography, video and computer-based image work; he acquired a Paik/Abe synthesizer in 1972 and, with Sherleen Miller, produced multi-camera pieces (1971–1978) using mixing, reversal, rate switching and voltage control. With David Jones he developed a twenty-six-command program to manipulate frames and produce 256×256 black-and-white dot-matrix prints. He taught video art at SUNY Binghamton for thirteen years and founded and directed the Experimental Television Center Ltd. in Owego; entry appears in the Generic Real-time Interactive Digital catalog, Arnot Art Museum, July 12–September 28, 1986, curated by Peter Chamberlain.
- SAID (Spatial and Intensity Digitizer) Tools
The Spatial and Intensity Digitizer (SAID) was developed for the Experimental Television Center in Binghamton, New York, arising in 1976 from an effort to create a low-cost, video-speed analog-to-digital converter; the project implemented a 6 bit A/D and a companion 6 bit D/A, supported interactive-compositional and automatic-production modes, and produced posterize and mosaic effects in real time. Donald E. McArthur (b.1938; Ph.D. Theoretical Physics, University of Nebraska, 1967) designed SAID and later co-developed the McArthur/Schier Digital Image Generator with Jeff Schier for the Vasulkas; Walter Wright wrote the first program and Ralph Hocking and Jeff Schier participated in hardware arrangements.
- ETC History 1981-83
History 1981–82 lists studio artists Frank Dietrich, Thierry Kuntzel, Alex Roshuk and Matt Schlanger and notes Residency Program work exhibited at Siggraph, the Donnell Library, Global Village, the 7th Annual Ithaca Video Projects Festival and the San Francisco International Video Festival. History 1983–84 records NYSCA funding for a General Purpose Interface Board to link analog imaging equipment with an 8 bit computer, enabling remembered knob settings; David Jones and Peer Bode began initial research on a real-time frame buffer digitizing analog video at 256x256 with 16 shades of gray. The Pattern Program was developed as an internship project by Master’s candidates at SUNY to draw, store and deploy patterns or textures as movable matts or windows; artists listed include Nancy Buchanan, Amy Greenfield, George Stoney, Barbara Sykes and Ann Wooster.
- An Interview with Peer Bode Interview
Peer Bode began producing video around 1971 with an early black-and-white portapak while an undergraduate at SUNY Binghamton; he worked with filmmakers Larry Gottheim and Ken Jacobs and used the Experimental TV Center's keyers, mixers and colorizers. Remaining in Binghamton through the mid-1970s, he collaborated with the American Dance Asylum and with engineers and artists Ralph Hocking, Nam June Paik, Shuya Abe, David Jones and Walter Wright on tools such as the Paik-Abe Colorizer/Synthesizer, SEGs, Scan-A-Mate, a Spatial and Intensity Digitizer and an Elf II computer.
- Computer Animation Primer Bibliography
uses of computers in film and television industry; theory and applications of coomputer animation; emphasis on Atari Computers